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論文
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Sashinami, Hiroshi ; Takagaki, Keiichi ; Nakane, Akio
概要:
Proteoglycans （PGs） are complex glycohydrates, which are widely distributed in connective tissues andon the cell surface
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of mammalian tissues. We investigated the effect of PG extracted from salmon cartilage oncytokine responses to stimulation with heat-killed Escherichia coli（ HKEC） in a mouse macrophage cell line, RAW264.7.PG exhibited the suppression of tumor necrosis factor（ TNF）-α production and enhancement of interleukin（ IL）-10production compared with chondroitin 4 sulfate（ C4S） and chondroitin 6 sulfate（ C6S）. PG, C4S and C6S suppressedHKEC-induced Toll-like receptor 4（ TLR4） and inducible nitric oxide synthase（ iNOS） expression dose-dependentlyand the PG showed the strongest suppressive effect among 3 compounds. Only PG dramatically up-regulated theexpression of signal transducers and activators of transcription 3（ STAT3） and the phosphorylation of STAT3 in mousemacrophages. Our results showed strong suppression of PG on infl ammatory response and suggested that the novelinteraction might exist between the extracellular matrix and immune system.
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| 2.
論文 |
論文
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Tanaka, Nahoko ; Hiraga, Hiroto ; Sakuraba, Hirotake ; Murai, Yasuhisa ; Maeda, Takato ; Watanabe, Rina ; Ota, Shinji ; Akemoto, Yui ; Hasui, Keisuke ; Yoshida, Shukuko ; Asano, Krisana ; Nakane, Akio ; Fukuda, Shinsaku
概要:
Vitamin A is essential for maintenance of homeostasis, and it also regulates various immune mechanisms.Listeria monocyto
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genes is a gram-positive bacillus that invades the cytoplasm of phagocytes and performs intracellular multiplication, and is often used as a tool for functional analysis of macrophages. In this study, we investigated the changes of macrophages under vitamin A deficiency（ VAD） using L. monocytogenes. During L. monocytogenes infection,apoptosis was increased in CD11b-positive splenocytes of VAD mice compared with vitamin A sufficient （VAS）mice. A similar result was obtained with peritoneal exudate cells （PECs）. Significant increase of apoptosis due to the administration of Ro41-5253, an inhibitor of retinoic acid receptor, was also observed in the macrophage cell line RAW264.7. Furthermore, in VAD mice, the number of bacteria in the spleens and livers was significantly increased.These results suggest that excessive apoptosis of macrophages occurs under VAD condition, leading to impaired host resistance to L. monocytogenes. Taken together, vitamin A contributes to the maintenance of homeostasis by regulating macrophage functions, indicating the importance of vitamin A supplementation.
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