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Numazawa, Satomi ; Matsuzaka, Masashi ; Iwane, Kaori ; Inoue, Ryo ; Danjo, Kazuma ; Takahashi, Ippei ; Umeda, Takashi ; Nakaji, Shigeyuki
概要:
The present study investigated the relationship between obesity and atherosclerosis according to agein the general femal
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e population. Six hundred fifty-five females were divided into 3 different age groups and therelationship between brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity （baPWV） and various obesity indices were investigated.In the youngest age group （20-39 years）, BMI, percentage body fat and abdominal circumference were positivelycorrelated with baPWV. In the middle-aged group （40-59 years）, all four obesity indices （BMI, percentage bodyfat, abdominal circumference and the waist-to-hip ratio （WHR）） were positively correlated with baPWV. However,baPWV was found to be negatively correlated with BMI only in the oldest age group （60 years and over）, thoughit was still positively correlated with WHR （but not abdominal circumference）. The reason for this may be due to agradual reduction of body weigh caused by some lifestyle-related diseases or aging. In this study, it was confirmedthat abdominal obesity is a key indicator of arteriosclerosis, though the importance of BMI （general obesity） as anindicator may depend on the generation. Furthermore, our results suggested that abdominal circumference and WHRmay have different significance as the indicators of arteriosclerosis.
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Iwama, Takanobu ; Danjo, Kazuma ; Matsuzaka, Masashi ; Takahashi, Ippei ; Iwasaki, Hiroki ; Watanabe, Kiyotaka ; Okubo, Noriyuki ; Takahashi, Kazuyuki ; Umeda, Takashi ; Nakaji, Shigeyuki
概要:
The epidemiological research was carried out to investigate the relationship between brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity（
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baPWV） and atherosclerosis-related factors. Subjects were 1,730 Iwaki residents（ Aomori Prefecture, Japan） who participated in the Iwaki Health Promotion Project between 2005 and 2010. They were divided into different genders and age group. The results were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis with baPWV as a dependent variable, and atherosclerosis-related factors as independent variables. In male of the youngest age group, baPWV was found to have a significant positive correlation with the number of cigarette consumption per day. In female of the youngest age group, baPWV was found to have significant positive correlations with triglyceride and glucose levels, and a significant negative orrelation with frequency of exercise. Therefore, cigarette smoking in young male was suggested to be a major risk factor, and exercise habit in young female was suggested to be a preventive factor of atherosclerosis.
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Sakamoto, Yuichi ; Narita, Koji ; Nakane, Akio
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Obesity leads to a state of chronic inflammation associated with increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines including
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interleukin-1β （IL-1β） that plays a critical role in host defense against Staphylococcus aureus infection. In this study, we investigated host defense against skin S. aureus infection in high-fat diet （HFD）-induced non-diabetic obesity by focusing on IL-1β production from subcutaneous adipose tissue derived-macrophages （SATDMs）. Bacterial numbers in skin lesions of HFD-fed mice were higher than those of normal-fat diet （ND）-fed control mice on day 3 after subcutaneous S. aureus infection. IL-1β production from SATDMs of HFD-fed mice was less than that of ND-fed mice after stimulation with formalin-killed S. aureus and ATP. In addition, NLRP3 mRNA expression and protein level of activated caspase-1 in SATDMs of HFD-fed mice were lower than those of NDfed mice after stimulation. Conversely, IL-1β production, NLRP3 mRNA expression and protein level of activated caspase-1 from visceral adipose tissue-derived macrophages of HFD-fed mice were higher than those of ND-fed mice. These results suggest that reduced IL-1β production in SATDMs of HFD-fed obese mice might be involved in impairment of host defense against skin S. aureus infection.
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室谷, 隆裕 ; 工藤, 大輔 ; 袴田, 健一
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【目的】膵頭十二指腸切除術（PD）後膵液瘻形成と内臓脂肪に関する検討は少ない．近年CT 画像から内臓脂肪量を計測することが可能なソフトウェアVINCENT が開発された．そこで，VINCENT を用いて内臓脂肪量を計測し，PD 術後膵液瘻と
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の関連性を検討した．【対象と方法】2005年1 月から2010年12月までの期間に当科において施行されたPD 症例153例を対象とし，内臓脂肪量と膵液瘻の関係を検討した．【結果】単変量解析では年齢，男性，残膵性状（soft pancreas），細膵管径，上腹部内臓脂肪量において有意差を認め，多変量解析によりsoft pancreas（ p=0.001）および上腹部内臓脂肪量（p=0.007）が独立危険因子となった．【結語】上腹部内臓脂肪はPD 術後膵液瘻の危険因子であり，その計測は膵液瘻の予測に有用である．
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棟方, 栄治 ; 土田, 成紀
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Uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2), mapped to chromosome 11q13 in humans, plays an important role in energy metabolism and body weight regulation. Some positive results have been reported for associations of obesity and diabetes in
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Caucasians with the polymorphism of the UCP2 gene in the 3'-untranslated region (3' UTR) of exon 8 (insertion and deletion types). We examined the genotypes of adult men in Aomori Prefecture situated in northern Japan, in order to investigate associations between the polymorphism and obesity. In the present study, in addition to the insertion type of 457bp, a new genotype composed of 502bp was detected, while the deletion type of 412bp was not. Although the sequence of inserted 45bp in the 457bp type was entirely identical to that reported previously, the fragment was inserted at the 111bp from the 3' end of the exon 8. In the 502bp type, the same fragment was further added to the 457bp type. The new genotype was observed in 4 of 18 subjects as the 457/502 heterozygote and other subjects were the 457/457 homozygote. Significant associations were found between the polymorphism of UCP2 gene and obesity in adult Japanese men. Weight, thicknesses of the subcutaneous adipose tissues at triceps and lateral abdomen, fat percentage and fatmass were significantly higher (p<0.05) in subjects with the heterozygote (457/502) than in subjects with the homozygote (457/457). These results suggest that a new genotype (502bp) is involved in obesity.
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